Employee Privacy Rights in the Workplace Essay - 1537 Words

Employee Privacy Rights in the Workplace Employee privacy rights have been the topic of great debate in recent years. This essay will examine: the definition of privacy, employers rights to access activities done in the workplace, to whom the resources such as time and equipment belong, and employee monitoring as an invasion of privacy or a performance evaluation tool. These are the core issues of the employee privacy rights controversy. Employee privacy rights should only be applicable to the personal activities that must take place during working hours. Activities occurring on company time are the property of the employer, and therefore, are not the private property of the employee. Employee privacy rights in the workplace should be†¦show more content†¦If concerned about levels of privacy, employees should leave personal matters at home. The employer may or may not choose to disregard material discovered if they know it to be of a private nature. There is no obligation for the employer to do so (Quinn, 2005). What activities that are job related would necessitate keeping them secret from an employer? No actions done for or on behalf of an employer would require the employer to have no knowledge of these actions. The personal or private activities that take place during work hours are the property of the employer. If privacy is protected as a citizens right, then the need for additional laws to protect the employee are unnecessary. Any infringement on privacy rights by an employer would be governed under the Invasion of Privacy Act. The controversy arises from the expectations of privacy of the employee. There is very little to support the expectations of privacy by employees. When monitoring employee activity, the law places very few boundaries on an employer. As stated earlier there are no Federal laws to preserve employee privacy rights (Canoni, Summer 2004). The employer has purchased the time and resources of the employee. The standard methods of payment for persons employed by another party are hourly wages and salaried employment. In both of these cases the employer normallyShow MoreRelatedEmployee Privacy Rights In The Workplace Essay1390 Words   |  6 PagesThe issue of privacy is a big concern in the workplace. With the expanding of new technology, many employees are concern about his or, her privacy in the workplace. Employees have the right to go to work knowing that his or, her employer will not invade their privacy. The rights to privacy in the workplace only provide limited protection for workers against monitoring and breach of confidentiality. The National Work Rights Institute states, under the federal law, the limited protection the ElectronicRead MoreAn Employee’S Right To Privacy In The Workplace Is An Increasingly1349 Words   |  6 PagesAn employee’s right to privacy in the workplace is an increasing ly controversial legal topic, especially in an age of increased technology. These days, employers can virtually monitor all workplace communications made by employees using computers such as the Internet and company email. While the law generally allows this monitoring, some employee’s view it is a violation of their privacy. Other bothersome topics on an employee’s right to privacy in the workplace is employee drug or honesty testingRead MoreWarning: This Is a Rights-Free Workplace Essay example922 Words   |  4 Pagesarticle in this link: http://www.barbaraehrenreich.com/workersrights.htm. Employee Rights in the Workplace The idea of employee rights involves many complex issues. An employee’s right to a workplace free of discrimination and harmful environmental factors is obvious. Yet, other issues surrounding privacy, personal expression, and communication monitoring are not as clear-cut. While employees may feel that they have the right to express their opinions and use business communications while workingRead MoreThe Rights and Ethics of Employees with Respect to Privacy at Work788 Words   |  4 PagesEl-Achmar The Rights and Ethics of Employees with Respect to Privacy at Work Widespread use of electronic communications media such as e-mail and information resources such as the Internet has prompted many employers to engage in electronic surveillance of their employees. Employers are monitoring—and even recording—employees’ personal phone calls, e-mails, and workplace conversations. Video cameras are trained on employee parking lots, break areas, and other parts of th e workplace. Today’s employersRead MoreThe Importance Of Privacy On The Job Is Almost Nonexistent1583 Words   |  7 PagesPrivacy in the work place is a sensitive topic and one that should be treated with care. As individuals, not only are we entitled to but also, we are guaranteed our right to privacy. We have a right to be left alone and the right to determine what and how information about us should be shared. However, in today’s, work, the concept of privacy on the job is almost nonexistent. Over the years, the gap between employee personal and professional live is shrinking. More and more companies are keepingRead MoreTechnologys Impact On Technology And The Use Of Technology1408 Words   |  6 Pagesconsiderable ethical repercussions which may even result in customers’ backlash. â€Å"The negativities may result from deceptive practices, privacy invasion, breaches of confidentiality through sharing of information.† (Foley, 2006) 1. Organizational personal viewpoints regarding issues of privacy and the exchange of information: Organizations provide that privacy is a high-profile public policy issue which affects various stakeholders such as consumers and marketers. 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The Success Of The Formation Of Ww1 - 869 Words

â€Å"No one wants war†, states David Lloyd George, an English politician during the beginning stages and rising tensions that would eventually spill over to produce the first great war of the 19th century, World War One. The factors that lead to the formation of WW1 were a combination of fragile alliances, the race for power, ignorance, and the assassination of an Austrian duke. Each of these issues contributed to rising tensions, and while the civilized world remained oblivious, the war had begun on July 1914. To begin, the benefit of having alliances is an essential way to ensure that all parties protect similar interests such as security and borders, but when these interests compete wit hone another, they turn a strong alliance into a fragile relationship of uncertainty and mistrust. This happened several times before and during the war as country’s interests changed, such as Italy switching from the allied powers to the axis for the promise of land from Germany. When these national interests take prominence over the maintenance of alliances, it leads to a constant state of uncertainty and mistrust between countries. Another issue that stretched the relations between European powers is the race for Imperialism and the rise of nationalism as a way of social control. Imperialism, from a Marxist perspective was the race for imperial powers between European powers, the colonies in an empire offered the owner an access to more wealth and power in the world, making them a targetShow MoreRelatedWho Were The German Sturmtruppen?1350 Words   |  6 PagesWho were the German Sturmtruppen (Stormtrooper), and how did they affect modern combat? The German Stormtrooper were an elite force of soldiers trained to fight a fast-paced style of combat. In 1915, WW1 had come to a halt, with miles of trench structures set all over Europe. Both Allied and Axis forces were weary of fighting this war of attrition and were desperate to try new and diverse types of warfare to break these lines. As explained by Citino, â€Å"After much trial and error, the German armyRead MoreGeorge S. Paton Jr.1608 Words   |  7 P agesvictory over Germany in the Second World War. This victory allowed America to exert its rightful place as a global superpower. Patton not only assisted America in winning the war but set it up for further victory based in his involvement in the formation of the first armored division in the U.S. Army. His tactics were developed were deployed throughout the European theater. 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ItRead MoreThe Strategic Board Game Diplomacy1099 Words   |  5 PagesIn our game, Germany and France always were competing for Belgium and in the end, took it over. After the game completed and our several class discussions, I have a better understanding about why World War I might have happened. WW1 was a war of alliances with the formations of the Triple Alliance and the Triple Entente. The Triple Alliance was an mutual agreement between Germany, Austria – Hungary, and Italy. The three countries agreed to support each other if attacked by either France or RussiaRead MoreThe Life and Achievements of Henry Ford1643 Words   |  7 Pagesappeared on the market in Detroit. This would lead to many publicity events and even a lawsuit with the ALAM over the Selden Patent, which he eventually won. Ford continued working on his cheap design. It was ready shortly after the new companys formation and orders came in faster than they could be filled. Ford, Charles Sorensen and a small group of dedicated engineers began working on a universal car. By October, 1908, the Model-T had been constructed. Again orders began coming in faster thanRead MoreWhy Britain Enter A Period Of Affluence From The Late 1950s, And How Did It Affect British Society2102 Words   |  9 Pagesthe Second World War have affected the economic, personal, social and political life of millions of people on our planet. One of the most cruel consequences of the war are millions dead people and soldiers in captivity. 750 000 British people died in WW1. Great Britain had 192 000 prisoners in World War 1. The humanitarian organization, Red Cross, took care of food-supply and return of the imprisoned soldiers. Immediately after the end of World War II, Britain underwent enormous social change. 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It was intended to have from all or at least most of the Great Powers, without this its authority was limited. Not only did the League of Nations fail to gain consensus from powerful nations, it also failed to maintain their membership. With Japan

Management Entire Business Operations

Question: Discuss about the case study Management for Entire Business Operations. Answer: Introduction Managers play the most vital role in any of the particular organization to increase the profitability as well as the productivity of the firm. In order to increase the effectiveness of the firm, the managers need to develop perfect vision and mission statement. This research paper will help in reflecting the desired comparison and contrast between the two companies CSL and the Macquarie Group. CSL is international Specialty biotherapeutics firm which mainly build up and delivers different types of innovative biotherapies saving the lives and helping people to get rid of life-threatening living conditions (Csl.com.au, 2016). The different products of CSL group are Plasma products, vaccines Pharmaceuticals and the Research development. There are more than 16,000 employees within the company who are working in more than 30 countries throughout the world including Australia, United Kingdom, Switzerland and much more. Macquarie Group is the investment banking and financial group operati ng throughout the world (Macquarie.com, 2016). The company includes financial, banking advisory as well as funds and investment management service to all of the corporate, counterparties and retail clients throughout the world. Comparing and contrasting between CSL and Macquarie group considering the following points Vision or mission statement The mission statement reflects the purpose of the firm reflecting its defined targets for achieving as the business progresses. The vision and values of CSL group area customer focus, integrity, collaboration, superior performance, and innovation. The company believes that the focusing on the desired needs of the customers is very important as it helps in increasing the reliability of the customers. Whereas comparing the mission statement of CSL group with that of Macquarie group, the Macquarie group defines its vision to offer the wide range of innovative features for making the management of people's wealth much easier (Borowiak et al., 2012). Contrasting the two vision statements from the companies mentioned above, Macquarie group reflects its purpose for realizing the desired opportunity merely for the benefits of the respective clients, people and the shareholders. The approach is merely based on three crucial long-held principles such as opportunity, accountability, and integri ty. Moreover, the managers execute the most important role to enhance the effectiveness of the entire business processes. Both the companies is engaged in providing customer satisfaction on top priority relating to their respective different business field. It is important to maintain the effectiveness of the SMART objectives by the formation of the desired vision and the mission statement for the company concerned (Chapman, 2011). The vision and the mission statement of the two companies mentioned critically add value to the entire organization and are important for the development of the firm on a large scale. Values of the organization There are different core values for a particular firm which helps in evaluating their values and the advantage of the business procedure they had in comparison to the other companies available within the concerned market segments(Fabozzi and Markowitz, 2011). Comparing the values of the two firms, health has been considered to be the most crucial factor for CSL group whereas wealth has been kept on top priority for the Macquarie group. The desired act of honesty and fair working of the Macquarie group helps the firm in distinguishing it from the other companies available within the concerned market segments. It is important to understand and follow the smart objectives as this helps in achieving the desired trust and values of the customers. Therefore, the CSL group has set the objectives achievable by focusing on the exact needs of the customers as well as by introducing the innovation in different facilities that are being offered to the customers. It is crucial that the values sho uld be realistic and specific as to increases the reliability of the business procedures (Gallagher, 2009). CSL group and Macquarie group contains believable history in delivering services to the customers and they add up the value of the entire firm. One of the crucial values of the CSL group is that it is engaged in providing superior services to all its customers and this increases the brand reputation of the firm in front of the customers. Corporate Social Responsibility/Sustainability The CSR describes the desired way through which the business takes into account the social and the environmental impacts and the financial decisions. There are three of the most crucial elements for this process such as community involvement, environmental action, and the economic growth. CSL group critically believes that behaving responsibly with the customers is considered to be very importance for the sustainability of the firm (Newcomer, Wholey, and Hatry, 2015). There are certain areas where the company is prioritizing its CSR initiatives to enhance the brand value of the firm in front of the customers (Zhong, 2013). These areas are the researching and the development of the new medicines for the needs of the customers which are unmet, ensuring the therapies to be safe and of great quality, executing the operations responsibly within the concerned market segments, providing the desired positive work environment, providing support to the patients and minimising the desired impac ts on the environment. On the other hand comparing the CSR initiatives of CSL group with that of the Macquarie are the group it is found that they are providing priority to the customer on the high scale (Oakey, 2010). The Macquarie group has CSR initiatives for the community, employees, environment and governance. The CSR ratings of the company are quite good as compared with the different companies. The CSR initiatives of Macquarie group are as per its commitments for the effectualness within the national, local and the global community. The CSR initiatives of these two companies strictly follow the SMART objectives in order to increase the effectiveness and the efficiency for the concerned firm (O'Donovan, 2014). CSL group has already introduced a CSR steering committee for the development and generation of awareness of the CR throughout the entire company. Stakeholders mentioned in their corporate statements Stakeholders play the most crucial roles in evaluating the desired growth of the firm throughout the concerned market segments. The stakeholders can significantly affect the desired objectives, policies, and actions taken by the company. The key shareholders are the directors, suppliers, owners, creditors, government, community and the unions (Ryall, 2010). It is considered to be of huge importance o follow up the SMART objectives in order to make it unaffected by any of the actions from the stakeholders (Weiss, 2014). CSL group, as well as the Macquarie group, have their own objectives and corporate statements for the development and expansion of the concerned business processes. The history about the CSL group evaluates the fact that the stakeholders significantly adds up values to the organization and they committed to providing Excellency to the company (Seethaler, 2009). The corporate statement of the Macquarie critically reflects that the stakeholders took active participation in their business process and they have contributed towards the development of the entire business methods (Waldman, 2011). Contrasting the corporate statements of the CSL group, it evaluates the desired fact that they are ethical as well as honest at all the times. Conclusion The paper eventually compares the operation of the business processes of CSL and the Macquarie group based on different factors such as the mission statement, values, CSR initiatives and the performances of the stakeholders within the mentioned corporate statements. Being ethical as well as honest at all the times creates the brand reputation and this is considered to be very crucial for the execution of the complete business processes of any of the companies concerned. The SMART objectives which stand for specific, measurable, realistic, attainable and time-bound plays the major role in improving the overall performances o0f the respective organizations. These particular statements of intention are believable as well as they adds up more values to the respective firms. References Borowiak, A., Galmarini, S., Hjorth, J., Thunis, P., Van Dingenen, R. and Dentener, F. (2012).Support to the review of the thematic strategy on air pollution. Luxembourg: Publications Office. Chapman, R. (2011).Simple tools and techniques for enterprise risk management. Chichester, England: Wiley. Csl.com.au. (2016).CSL Ltd is a leader in plasma protein biotherapeutics. [online] Available at: https://www.csl.com.au/about [Accessed 9 Aug. 2016]. Fabozzi, F., and Markowitz, H. (2011). The theory and practice of investment management. Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley Sons. Gallagher, R. (2009).How to tell anyone anything. New York: American Management Association. Macquarie.com. (2016).Macquarie Group. [online] Available at: https://www.macquarie.com/au/corporate [Accessed 9 Aug. 2016]. Newcomer, K., Wholey, J., and Hatry, H. (2015). Handbook of practical program evaluation, 4th ed. San Francisco, Calif.: Jossey-Bass. Oakey, R. (2010).New technology-based firms in the new millennium. Bingley, U.K.: Emerald. O'Donovan, G. (2014).Solvency II. Farnham: Ashgate Publishing Ltd. Ryall, M. (2010).Bridge management. Amsterdam: Elsevier/Butterworth-Heinemann. Seethaler, S. (2009).Lies damned lies, and science. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: FT Press. Waldman, S. (2011).Pain management. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier/Saunders. Weiss, J. (2014).Business ethics. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler Publishers, Inc. Zhong, S. (2013).Proceedings of the 2012 International Conference on Cybernetics and Informatics. New York, NY: Springer.

Introduction to Managerial Accounting Essay Example

Introduction to Managerial Accounting Essay Introduction to Managerial Accounting For this case assignment I am to explain the responsibilities of the management accountant for security and financial integrity in an organization. I will also explain the relationship between management accountants and financial accounts and if I foresee an expanding role for management accounting in organizations. Management accountants work within a specific company. They perform many different tasks to ensure their company’s financial security by handling essentially all financial matters and therefore helping to drive the business’s overall management and strategy. A management accountant’s responsibilities can range widely. Level of experience, time of year, and type of industry, can find you doing anything from budgeting, handling taxes and managing assets to help determine compensation and benefits packages and aid in strategic planning. Management accountants, who are also called cost, managerial, industrial, corporate, or private accountants, record and analyze the financial information of the companies for which they work. Some of the management accountants’ responsibilities are budgeting, performance evaluation, cost management, and asset management. Management accountants can be a part of executive teams involved in strategic planning or the development of new products. Management accountants analyze and interpret the financial information that corporate executives need in order to make important business decisions. They also prepare financial reports for other groups, including stockholders, creditors, regulatory agencies, and tax authorities. We will write a custom essay sample on Introduction to Managerial Accounting specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Introduction to Managerial Accounting specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Introduction to Managerial Accounting specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Within accounting departments, management accountants can work in various areas, which can include financial analysis, planning and budgeting, and cost accounting. The relationship between management accountants and financial accountants is that their underlying objective is the same-to satisfy the information needs of the user, whether it’s for a specific company or for the public. It is very important to provide accurate financial information for the integrity of a company, no matter whom or which it is. Management accounting does rely on the information that is provided by financial accounting. Management accounting relies on information that is unbiased and that can be used as support material. Both fields require on accounting information that is not only accurate, but relevant and timely. Do I foresee an expanding role for management accounting in organizations? Definitely so! Management Accountants’ job responsibilities have very much changed over the past decade. Globalization, standardization, and more stringent financial reporting requirements has brought many challenges and changes to the way accounting has been done, regulations, and ethic. What was once known as financial record-keepers, management accountants today share the same responsibilities and skill sets with internal consultants and business analysts. Management accountants are less isolated, behaving more like financial managers by working on cross- functional teams and taking part in strategic decision. References http://www. bls. gov/oco/ocos001. htm, Office of Occupational Statistics and Employment Projection http://www. allbusinessschools. com/faqs/management-accounting. php, Â © 2002-2008 All Star Directories, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Free sample - Should worker be forced to clock out to smoke. translation missing

Should worker be forced to clock out to smoke. Should worker be forced to clock out to smokeIntroduction Smoking happens to be the greatest cause of diseases and premature deaths in the world. The smoke causes a lot of cancer related deaths per year. The economic cost of smokers includes monetary costs, lost workdays and shortened work lives which is a phenomenal to the society. Many countries try to establish and maintain some smoking control programs which are aimed at reducing the use of tobacco. These countries provide education to their citizens to prevent smoking in the future. Also, measures are taken in public places and work places to reduce smoking and the exposure to second hand smoke which is a health hazard to smokers and other people who share the air supply. This essay discusses on whether the workers should be forced to clock out to smoke. Should worker be forced to clock out to smoke? The working places constitutes of different people ranging from smokers to those ones who do not smoke. Sometimes, the smokers clocks out when they nip outside for a cigarette. In Britain, these smoking workers always gather at the foot of their office blocks where they meet and smoke. They are off their work desks for some minutes to go and smoke.   In Scotland, the worker who smoke could gather along the pavements to have their cigarette since the law banned them from smoking in any public place such as offices which is constituted of many people. In the Breckland Council in Norfolk, the workers were allowed to clock in and out for the smoking breaks. This gave them equal rights as the people in the public and private sectors who have allowed the clocking out and in for smoking. â€Å"This all came about when staff contacted our HR team because they were confused about what the policy was on clocking out for smoking breaks. Some of the smokers were concerned because many of them, 54% it turned out, clocked out.† Says Mr. Nunn, the council leader. The council staff had a desire of formalizing the policies that gave the smokers chances to clock out for breaks. The policies were not applied to non smoking worker or those who used coffee as the kitchens are found in the office building unlike to cigarette shops which are outside the office blocks. Since the smokers take some additional breaks from the work places, they should work for the extra time to compensate for the time they spend in smoking. The researches shows that an average smoker spends fifteen minutes in one day for smoking breaks which makes eight full days in one year. These smokers should compensate for the wasted time because the company or the council is sometimes forced to compensate these smokers when they suffer the consequences of smoking. The ban of smoking in all workplace is a positive act. There are some companies that refuse to hire people who smoke. This is because of the increased healthcare insurance and the workers' compensation insurance which is associated with these smokers. The breaks for smoking bring a lot of conflicts in workplaces as the smokers could go out for a fag. This disrupts the team work as he/she is supposed to participate in carrying out a certain group task. In this situation, the non smoking workers feel that their rights are not respected. The workers who smoke also need their rights to be respected by allowing them to smoke whenever they feel like doing so. Simon Clarck says, â€Å"Clocking off is another example of employers making life as difficult as possible for smokers.† He also says, â€Å"There's no evidence that smokers are working fewer hours than non-smokers. They come out with all these statistics but they are based on 'guest mates'. Can non-smokers truthfully say they're not making personal phone calls, browsing the internet or taking coffee breaks? The problem is that when smokers take a break it's very visible because they have to go outside.† Conclusion The smokers should be allowed to please themselves through smoking but the employers should take their time to provide the necessary education to them concerning the risks associated with smoking in various life aspects.    Reference NEWS MAGAZINE. Should workers be forced to clock out to smoke? Retrieved from;

Free Essays on Romeo & Juliet

William Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet is one of the greatest literary examples of human fallibility. In the play, many characters, which include Friar Lawrence, the Montagues, and the Capulets, make seemingly small, absurd mistakes that cost the two young lovers, Romeo and Juliet, their lives, proving how erroneous even adults can be. The irrationality of the Montagues and the Capulets lies in their inability to recognize how their ongoing feud is destroying both them and their enemies. They continue to feud, and put no effort into stopping the feud. Although the quarrels are usually amongst the servants or disgruntled cousins, they still affect the relations between the families. Romeo and Juliet, in love, but not wanting to upset their families and spark another fuse, marry in secret. This is where the trouble begins. All goes well until Juliet’s parents inform her she is engaged to Paris, a friend of the Prince of Verona. However, as we know, one can’t marry two people. Desperately seeking help, she goes to Friar Lawrence, who suggests she fake her death, a plan that seems doomed from the start. He gives her a potion which will cause her to appear dead while Friar Lawrence sends for Romeo, who is in exile after killing a Capulet, Juliet’s cousin. However, Romeo’s serving man spots her and assumes she has died, which is, as we know, not true. He rushes to Romeo before the Friar can send for him. Romeo arrives at her tomb and meets up with Paris. They duel, and Paris is slain. Romeo, under the false assumption that Juliet is dead, leaving him no purpose in life, kills himself. Juliet awakens shortly after to find both Paris and Romeo dead. She, too, takes her own life. If this story does not prove human fallibility, nothing does. However, interestingly enough, while the above mistakes do cause the death of Romeo and Juliet, they lead to the reconciliation of former strife between the houses of Montague and ... Free Essays on Romeo & Juliet Free Essays on Romeo & Juliet William Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet is one of the greatest literary examples of human fallibility. In the play, many characters, which include Friar Lawrence, the Montagues, and the Capulets, make seemingly small, absurd mistakes that cost the two young lovers, Romeo and Juliet, their lives, proving how erroneous even adults can be. The irrationality of the Montagues and the Capulets lies in their inability to recognize how their ongoing feud is destroying both them and their enemies. They continue to feud, and put no effort into stopping the feud. Although the quarrels are usually amongst the servants or disgruntled cousins, they still affect the relations between the families. Romeo and Juliet, in love, but not wanting to upset their families and spark another fuse, marry in secret. This is where the trouble begins. All goes well until Juliet’s parents inform her she is engaged to Paris, a friend of the Prince of Verona. However, as we know, one can’t marry two people. Desperately seeking help, she goes to Friar Lawrence, who suggests she fake her death, a plan that seems doomed from the start. He gives her a potion which will cause her to appear dead while Friar Lawrence sends for Romeo, who is in exile after killing a Capulet, Juliet’s cousin. However, Romeo’s serving man spots her and assumes she has died, which is, as we know, not true. He rushes to Romeo before the Friar can send for him. Romeo arrives at her tomb and meets up with Paris. They duel, and Paris is slain. Romeo, under the false assumption that Juliet is dead, leaving him no purpose in life, kills himself. Juliet awakens shortly after to find both Paris and Romeo dead. She, too, takes her own life. If this story does not prove human fallibility, nothing does. However, interestingly enough, while the above mistakes do cause the death of Romeo and Juliet, they lead to the reconciliation of former strife between the houses of Montague and ...

Medical Experiment on Animals Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Medical Experiment on Animals - Term Paper Example the past, animal testing was justified due to lack of technology and absence of proficiency in medicine, as fewer alternatives were present to heal the patients (Anderegg et al, 1). Supporters of animal testing have been using the argument that experimentation on animals have led to remarkable advancements like kidney transplants, mental illness, ulcer and asthma drugs, bypass operations, polio vaccines etc. Even the effects of penicillin were first observed on mice in 1940. Following these tests, the drug was then used on soldiers in 1941. Similarly, blood transfusion was conducted on dogs in 1914. Since then this technique has been used for human beings and has helped save the lives of many (RDS, 3). In spite of what the supporters of animal testing say, it has been testified by numerous medical historians that key medical discoveries were rather made by observing patients and human autopsy, as opposed to animal testing. There have been several cases where testing on animals has led to results which ended up misleading the scientists rather than provide evidence. In 1963, it was concluded that smoking and lung cancer in humans was strongly correlated. This conclusion was a result of retrospective studies and research. However when tested on animals, the experiments failed to produce the desired results. Since the human and animal anatomy had vast difference, researchers ignored the human data which they obtained from patients. As a result, health warnings weren’t issued and this resulted in thousands of deaths by lung cancer (Anderegg et al, 2). Similarly the use of animal models misled researchers, when the polio virus was being studied. As a result of experimenting on monkeys, researchers concluded that the polio virus was transmitted through the respiratory system. Consequently misdirected preventive measures were taken and the development of the polio vaccine was delayed. It was later found out that in human, the polio virus is transmitted by the

Look at Your Fish/ Building Arguments- Word Assignment

Look at Your Fish - Assignment Example The professor was also trying to teach Scudder to refer to the facts because whatever he/she would say, he would still tell him/her to look at the fish as a point of reference. At first, Scudder took a very short time to look at the fish and with an idea of a fish at the back of the mind, concluded that he/she had seen everything that was required of him/her. This was from the general knowledge he/she had about a fish and with that, he/she thought it was all about a fish. Scudder again after lunch came and when he/she tried out drawing the fish, it dawned on him/her that there were new features that he/she was discovered then. After another serious look in the afternoon, he/she even noticed how shallow he/she had been with his/her previous observations. The following morning, he/she was even able to explain what he/she had seen but in a new way, which was actually what the professor was trying to teach him/her. As time passed by with constant observation and of course with concentration, Scudder learned more and more. We can conclude that he/she actually would learn everything about the fish if he/she were given more time. Scudder changed from just seeing what the ordinary eye could see now seeing beyond and even be able to explain the observations. He/she also changed and learned to be patient and persistent in his/her learning. Scudder also changed from just being a mere learner into an expert in the field of study. Scudder developed a lot of interest and gained a lot of knowledge in that field of study, something he/she could not do before and would now do more than what was expected of a learner. Professor Agassiz’s method of teaching was very effective from my point of view. This is due to the positive effects it has caused to Scudder as a leaner. Firstly, it gives the learner an ample time to be able to learn from them.

Abnormal Psychology Background and Perspective Essay Example for Free

Abnormal Psychology Background and Perspective Essay A lot of the human behavior and mental process could be explained by psychology. This course allowed me to view abnormal psychology in a bit of a different light. I was able to apply the information learned while relating it psychopathology. Taking this course has further improved my understanding of mental disorders/illnesses. I have also learned different treatment and many perspectives relating to abnormal psychology. This class has allowed me to think critically about mental disorders in addition to learning about scientific inquiry. Abnormal psychology is the behavior or thought that cause social, cognitive, and emotional problems for an individual. Abnormal thought or behaviors that disrupt an individual’s functioning are due to a psychological disorder. It is important to be able to understand characteristics of abnormal behavior in order to distinguish a person with a psychological disorder. These characteristics deviate from what society deems to be normal. Some classifications of abnormal behaviors are social deviance, personal distress, unusualness, danger to one’s self or to others and maladaptive behavior. All these traits need attention and diagnosis. A person with abnormal behavior can have a lifestyle full of discomfort, conflict and unhappiness. This does not only have an effect on the individual but can also affect others. A behavior that is normal in one region could be abnormal in another. Different cultures may consider a behavior in another culture abnormal and vice versa. Each culture also has a different treatment and approach towards mental disorders. There are different types of normality levels for an individual’s behavior. In this class the focus was on the approach that the western culture has towards mental disorders. Abnormal psychology could be explained by a number of different perspectives such as biological, psychological or sociocultural. An approach towards mental disorder is diathesis-stress paradigm. This â€Å"paradigm is an integrative paradigm that links genetic, neurobiological, and environmental factors† (p.62). For example a person that genetically prone; stress from the environment could trigger a mental disorder. If there isn’t any environmental stress, than the mental disorder may never be triggered. This paradigm does a good job in explaining how these factors can contribute to mental disorders. Most psychologists believe that cognitive behavior therapy is the most effective and efficient treatment for mental disorders. â€Å"Cognitive behavior therapy incorporates theory and research on cognitive processes such as thoughts, perceptions, judgments, self statements, and tacit assumptions† (p.51). This therapy treats the disorder by applying behavioral principles of learning. This gives the individual to reconstruct his/her thoughts in a positive manner. Usually a disorder leaves a pers on hopeless, but this treatment helps the individual to have control over their thoughts or feelings. Not only did I learn how to think critically, I also learned about different types of research method. Mental disorders is disturbs a person’s thoughts and which could lead to an emotional experience. Life can be difficult for a person with a mental disorder. They often have difficulty maintaining a relationship or keeping a job. The absence of treatment could make life unbearable for a person suffering a mental disorder. This class has helped me understand the different types of mental disorder and how to diagnose and treat them.

Japan Recession Essay examples -- essays papers

Japan Recession Thomas Paine was born on January 29, 1737 at Thetford, Norfolk in England, as a son of a Quaker. In 1774, he met Benjamin Franklin in London, who advised him to immigrate to America, giving him letters of recommendation. Paine reached Philadelphia on November 30, 1774 where he started over as a publicist. He wrote many articles that touched on various topics. On January 10, 1776 Thomas Paine grouped his ideas on American independence in his pamphlet â€Å"Common Sense.† I think Thomas Paine’s â€Å"Common Sense† had a significant influence on the separation from England. I believe Paine thought the Colonies had all the right to revolt against a government that imposed taxes on them but didn’t give them the right of representation in the Parliament at Westminster. Thomas believed there was no reason for the Colonies to stay dependent on England. I think Thomas Paine had an incredible way of persuading people to take action through his writing. In his â€Å"Common Sense,† Paine states that sooner or later independence from England must come, because America had lost touch with the mother country. In his words, all the arguments for separation of England are based on nothing more than simple facts, plain arguments and common sense. Paine viewed government as necessary evil that could only become safe when it was represented and altered by frequent elections. Paine also states that the function of government in society o ught to be only regulating and as simple as...

Organizing, Researching, and Illustrating your Materials Essay

1. Last month, four clients complained the Roanoke Branch due to low quality of work produced. 2. Three months ago, Roanoke Branch’s Art Director and Account Executive left the agency. Also, three graphic designers and four copywriters wanted to quit due to internal problems. 3. The branch accepts new clients without any form of evaluation that may affect new accounts of the workload that the branch produces. 4. The administrative group is being insensitive to the needs of its employees in terms of their benefits and good performance. The branch became focus on the internal problem of the company that manifest within their production of work. Facts and Causes: The administrative group us being insensitive to the needs of its employees in terms of their benefits and good performance. †¢ As what Mr. Forest said in his elaboration of the internal problem of the branch, some of the employees (especially those who are the branch’s best producers) left the company. †¢ Based on the surveys that were conducted, the employees were not given good benefits and opportunities once they have good performance. †¢ The most important thing in the company is profit and not on how to manage both employees and clients. Impact and Effects: Because of the company’s insensitivity to the needs of its employees, the quality of the production declined from 89% to 63% quarterly. It was seen in the survey that the employees could not have their good performances due to internal problem of the company that caused them trouble in both professional and financial problems. In terms of professional problems the case increases to 78% this year from 43% last year. When it comes to financial problems, the annual production went down to $167,000 in 2006 from $256,000 in 2005. Because of this, both professional and financial stability are having trouble due to employee and client production and communication. Solutions: 1. The administration must conduct a new philosophy when it comes to their employees’ needs and benefits because the company lives because of the employees who produce the works. 2. There must be a quarterly reviews and inspections in order to discuss the situation and problems of the company so that it could solve the problem immediately. 3. The administration should also provide any liable agreements and justifications to any form of action that they wanted to do especially if it could affect their employees to avoid circumstances and misunderstandings between them and their employees. Illustration The probable illustration that can be use in this research is table in order to compare and contrast the difference of production and cost of production from the recent years to the present year along with the employees’ performance and circulation. Work Cited Robert G. Turner. Organizing, Researching, and Illustrating your Material.

Sophocles shows a dramatic play

Recalling what had happened to Oedipus about finding out the he killed his own father and that he married his own mother and had children with her, Oedipus finally realized that the prophecy is true. Before, he ruled the city of Thebes, and because he wants to escape from the dirty life that he had been through, he poked out his eyes and went away. The question now is who deserves to get his protection, what city will be fortunate and will the prophecy prevail?Sophocles, shows a dramatic play for a tragic death of a hero and his mystical importance to the city of Athens. During the play, Oedipus who was now blind and frail had transformed to a beggar after he exiled himself from the city of Thebes. He was only with his daughter, Antigone, who guides his way. While they stand on the holy ground, Oedipus remembered the prophecy of Apollo that he will come to rest on that ground.By that time, Eteocles, the younger son of Oedipus, had overthrown Polynices to rule the city of Thebes. As a little description of Polynices, he was the older son of Oedipus and the twin brother of Eteocles who want to reconcile with his father for a selfish reason.He compared himself with his father which he considered as an outcast. Polynices attacked his brother in troops who is now under the rule of Creon, the brother –in- law of Oedipus. There is a prophecy which was known by Creon and Oedispus’ sons, that the place where Oedipus body will be buried will bring fortune to the city.Since they already knew about what’s going to happen, Polynices as well as Creon decided to go to Oedipus and take him back with the same reason of getting him in their custody and bury his body in their kingdom. However, Oedipus swears that he won’t give his two sons any support because they had done nothing to   he will never give his support to either of his sons, for they did nothing to prevent his exile years ago.By that time, Oedipus also called King Theseus and he arrived he pitied Oedipus because of the fate that has happened to him. Oedipus asked Theseus to keep him in Athens until the day he dies and at the same time he warned him by doing this favor. Without any hesitations and not thinking twice, Theseus accepted the favor and Oedipus promised him that the city will receive great blessings once his body will be buried in Colonus.Creon wants to seize Oedipus but because he knew that he can’t do that, he kidnapped Antigone and Ismene. Theseus promised that he will get oedipis’ daughters back.   Creon threatened to start war and used the two daughters as hostage, but then the king of Athenian drived Creon off, and soon freed Antigone and Ismene.Soon after Creon left, Polynices appeared, and he asked for his father’s favor to be in his custody. Since Oedipus gained his trust to Theseus he asked him to drive Polynices away, but Polynices wanted to explain his side that he did not condone his exile and the reason why the men of Thebes turned against him was because of his brother Eteocles.The worst thing that happened to Polynices aside from not winning his father back was the curse that his father gave him (Lines 269-576). Polynices asked his sisters support to give him a good burial after he dies as what the curse of father uttered.Suddenly, Oedipus hears a terrible thunder and declares that the time of his death has come.   Oedipus prepared for his death as he led Theseus, Ismene, and Antigone into a hidden part of the grave where he would lay to rest. The on witness to the death of Oedipus was Theseus and before he died, Theseus carried certain rites on the body of Oedipus so he received a divine protection to Athenes.Oedipus told Theseus that he must not reveal the spot where his body was placed and in order for the city to be safe for the next generation to come, he must pass it to his son when he dies and pass it to his son at his own death. When Oedipus finally died, Theseus took his daughter to their fathers’ grave.In giving my own view about who should really have the chance to be given the protection for either of the two cities, I would say that it should really be Athens. It is because as I am looking in Oedipus perspective; he has the will to choose to whom he will give his protection.There are several reasons why his decision was the right thing to do: First, when the time that he has planned to exile himself from the city of Thebes, his sons especially Polynices who is the eldest, did not even show any ability to stop his father from exiling himself and wander outside the city of Thebes. Greediness has been seen in the character of Polynices as well as with Creon and Eteocles.Polynices had the chance of getting the protection of his father’s corpse however, because of his self-serving reason, he disregarded his fate. He made a vision of invading Thebes and because his father knew his plans, he unfortunately cursed his son, which had caused his death. The other reason was that during that time, Oedipus already believed in the prediction of the oracles since his identity has been revealed and the prophecy had come to pass. He remembered that his prophecy was to die in the near the city gate located in Athenes is located.The third reason why his body stay in Athens is because, he should leave his bad memories in Thebes, where his prophecy had all started, which all draws back from his father’s oracle, Laius was murdered, Thebes was plagued by Sphinx, Oedipus became the king but then he turned to be the queen’s own son, famine came, Oedipus become blinded and soon exiled and finally her wife hangs herself;.Several memories which led to his suffering came ultimately from Thebes. And finally, the king of Athenes, Theseus, had shown his humbleness and kindness to Oedipus who asked for his help and gratefully accepted the favor of keeping him inside the city until he dies, although Oedipus warned him about a possible venge ance of the other city.

Dialogue Dos and Donts

Dialogue Dos and Donts Dialogue Dos and Donts Dialogue Dos and Donts By Erin In the post Show, Dont Tell, I mentioned dialogue as one of the ways you can â€Å"show† your reader what’s happening in a scene. Effective dialogue is an essential part of both fiction and creative nonfiction writing. Good dialogue can be tricky. It needs to move the story forward and reveal important character information without seeming artificial. It needs to seem realistic without actually being realistic. Confused? Let’s break it down. Here are some things good dialogue should do: It should follow some simple grammatical rules. Dialogue should be enclosed within quotation marks. Each new line of dialogue is indented, and a new paragraph should be started every time a new person is speaking. It should be concise. Long, wordy passages of dialogue might seem like a good way to get information across, but they can be tedious for the reader. It should communicate character information. Good dialogue lets the reader know something about the person speaking it. It should be broken up with action. People don’t typically stop everything when they talk. They fidget. They keep washing the dishes. They pace. Don’t forget that your characters aren’t static. And here are a few dialogue don’ts: Don’t get too crazy with dialogue tags. Usually, a few well-placed â€Å"he saids† or â€Å"she replieds† will do the trick. If your dialogue is well-written, it should be clear who is speaking, even without the tags. Don’t go overboard with backstory. You should never use dialogue to tell the readers things your characters already know. Don’t use too much dialogue. Your readers don’t need to know everything your characters say, word-for-word. Dialogue should be chosen carefully. Don’t try to be too realistic. Our actual speech wouldn’t make great dialogue. We say â€Å"um† and â€Å"uh† a lot. We trail off in the middle of sentences. We change subjects without warning. Good dialogue should approximate real speech, not mimic it. To give you an example of what dialogue should look like here’s the opening of a short story I wrote, titled Me: What do we do now? Shadows from the single candle flickered on Heathers face. It masked the basement smell with green apple. She rolled her eyes at me. Nothing, Kristy. Just wait. I sighed. I was sick of waiting. My arms, and my butt, were starting to hurt. I drummed my fingers impatiently on the plastic pointer thingy. Stop it, Heather hissed. Youll make them mad. Make who mad? The spirits, stupid. Right. The spirits. Like I really believed the spirits were going to talk to us on a piece of Parker Brothers cardboard. The words exchanged between Kristy and Heather let us know something about their respective moods and character traits. In just that brief opening, we already know something about them. So how can you improve your dialogue? Read. Pay attention to what your favorite authors do well, and what they dont. Listen. Pay attention to what natural speech sounds like, and be sure to use those natural rhythms in your writing. Read aloud. Read your own dialogue out loud, to yourself or to a friend, to test yourself. Youll be writing dialogue like a pro before you know it! Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Fiction Writing category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Compared "to" or Compared "with"?Confused Words #3: Lose, Loose, Loss45 Idioms with "Roll"

When To Use Accents and Diacritical Marks in Spanish

When To Use Accents and Diacritical Marks in Spanish The most immediately obvious difference between written Spanish and written English is Spanishs use of written accents, and occasionally of diereses (also known as umlauts). Both of these features are known as diacritical marks. Beginning Spanish students usually learn right away that the main use of the accent is to help with pronunciation, and specifically in telling the speaker which syllable of a word should be stressed. However, accents also have other uses, such as distinguishing between certain homonyms, parts of speech, and indicating a question. The only use of the dieresis is to assist in pronunciation. Here are the basic rules for using the written accent and the dieresis: Stress The rules for determining which syllable should be stressed are quite simple in Spanish. Accents are used to indicate exceptions to the rules. Here are the basic rules: If a word ends in a vowel, the letter s, or the letter n, the stress is on the next to last syllable.In other words without an accent, the stress is on the last syllable. Simply put, if the stress is on a syllable other than that indicated above, an accent is used to indicate where the stress is placed. Following are a few examples, with the approximate pronunciation in phonetic English. Note that a vowel may either gain or lose an accent when a word is put into plural or singular form. See the rules on pluralization for other examples. examen (egg-SAH-men)exmenes (eggs-SAH-men-ess)muà ±Ãƒ ³n (moon-YOHN)muà ±ones (moon-YOHN-ness)cancià ³n (kahn-SEEOHN)canciones (kahn-SEEOHN-ess) Distinguishing Homonyms Homonym pairs are separate words that have different meanings even though they sound alike. Here are some of the most common ones: de, of, from; dà © first- and third-person singular subjunctive form of dar, to give)el, the; à ©l, hemas, but; ms, moremi, my; mà ­, me;se, a reflexive and indirect object pronoun used in various ways; sà ©, I knowsi, if; sà ­, yessolo, only (adjective), single, alone; sà ³lo, only (adverb), solelyte, you (as an object); tà ©, teatu, your; tà º, you Demonstrative Pronouns Although the spelling reform of 2010 means they arent strictly necessary except to avoid confusion, accents also are traditionally used in Spanish on demonstrative pronouns to distinguish them from demonstrative adjectives. Talk about demonstrative parts of speech might sound like a mouthful, so its probably best to remember that in English were simply talking about the words this, that, these and those. In English, those words can be either adjectives or pronouns. In I like this book, this is an adjective; in I like this, this is a pronoun, since it stands for a noun. Here are the same sentences in Spanish: Me gusta este libro, I like this book. Me gusta à ©ste, translated as either I like this or I like this one. Note that when used as a pronoun, à ©ste traditionally has a written accent. In Spanish the demonstrative pronouns in the singular masculine form are à ©ste, à ©se, and aquà ©l, and the corresponding adjectives are este, ese, and aquel. Although distinguishing the meanings of these pronouns goes beyond the scope of this lesson, suffice it to say here that este/à ©ste corresponds roughly to this, while both ese/à ©se and aquel/aquà ©l can be translated as that. Items with which aquel/aquà ©l are used are farther from the speaker. Quiero aquel libro could be translated as I want the book thats over there. The following chart shows the various forms of the demonstrative pronouns (with the traditional accents) and adjectives, including the feminine and plural forms: Quiero este libro, I want this book. Quiero à ©ste, I want this one. Quiero estos libros, I want these books. Quiero à ©stos, I want these ones. Quiero esta camisa, I want this shirt. Quiero à ©sta, I want this one. Quiero estas camisas, I want these shirts. Quiero à ©stas, I want these ones.Quiero ese libro, I want that book. Quiero à ©se, I want that one. Quiero esos libros, I want those books. Quiero à ©sos, I want those ones. Quiero esa camisa, I want that shirt. Quiero à ©sa, I want that one. Quiero esas camisas, I want those shirts. Quiero à ©sas, I want those ones.Quiero aquel libro, I want that book over there. Quiero aquà ©l, I want that one over there. Quiero aquellos libros, I want those books over there. Quiero aquà ©llos, I want those ones over there. Quiero aquellas camisas, I want those shirts over there. Quiero aquà ©llas, I want those ones over there. There are also neuter variations of these pronouns (eso, esto, and aquello), and they are not accented because there are no corresponding neuter adjective forms. Interrogatives: A number of words are accented when they are used in a question (including an indirect question) or exclamation, but they arent otherwise accented. Such words are listed below:  ¿Adà ³nde? Where (to)? ¿Adà ³nde vas? Where are you going? ¿Cà ³mo? How? ¿Cà ³mo ests? How are you? ¿Cul?  ¿Cules? Which one? Which ones? ¿Cul es ms caro? Which one is more expensive? ¿Cundo? When?  ¿Cundo sales? When are you leaving? ¿Cunto?  ¿Cunta?  ¿Cuntos?  ¿Cuntas? How much? How many?  ¿Cuntos pesos cuesta el libro? How many pesos does the book cost? ¿Dà ³nde? Where?  ¿De dà ³nde es usted? Where are you from? ¿Por quà ©? Why?  ¿Por quà © vas? Why are you going? ¿Quà ©? What? Which?  ¿Quà © libro prefieres? What book do you prefer? ¿Quià ©n?  ¿Quienes? Who? Whom?  ¿Quià ©nes quieren mi libro? Who wants my book? Diereses: The dieresis (or umlaut) is used above the u when the u is sounded in the combinations of gà ¼i or gà ¼e. Without the umlaut, known as la dià ©resis or la crema in Spanish, the u would be silent, serving only to indicate that the g is pronounced as a hard g rather than similar to the j. (For example, guey with no umlaut would sound something like gay.) Among the words with umlauts are vergà ¼enza, shame; cigà ¼eà ±a, stork or crank; pingà ¼ino, penguin; and agà ¼ero, prediction.

Work-life Balance In the Global Human Resource Management Coursework

Work-life Balance In the Global Human Resource Management - Coursework Example Employees could be ‘forced’ by the organisations to make maximal or even stressful physical and mental contributions as part of their work schedule, thereby negatively impacting the work-life balance. In certain cases, employees themselves could also push themselves with personal motives and also due to unstable work environments, disregarding their health. In the recent times, the need to maintain apt work-life balance is being strongly focused by the organisations and the employees themselves. Understanding how apt balance could not only optimize the employees’ personal side but also their work productivity, organisations are actualizing various initiatives in the work environment. Although, this introduction of various measures is widespread, when it comes to certain organisations in the non-Western or developing countries, there is a varied perspective. Due to specific cultural, economic and social factors, these differences occur. Thus, the focus of this report will be on how the changing nature of the workplace is having an effect on work-life balance in a global context, critically discussing and comparing, with two case studies, the range of work-life balance initiatives being followed in Western and non-Western countries, finally ending with recommendations. Work-life balance is a concept which refers to how employees with the support of organisations can aptly balance or prioritize their work aspects like their professional career, ambitions, financial statuses, etc., with their lifestyle style aspects like their family, friends, health, leisure, etc. Clark (2000, p. 751) defines work-life balance as â€Å"satisfaction and good functioning at work and at home, with a minimum of role conflict.† Heathfield (2013) further expands on the above definition by stating, work-life balance has a concept â€Å"that supports the efforts of employees to split their time and energy between work and the other important aspects of their lives†, by

World Industry. Trade Barriers as measured by the MFN (Most Favored Essay

World Industry. Trade Barriers as measured by the MFN (Most Favored Nation) applied tariff rates - Essay Example Prohibitions on import of these washing machines have the purposes of promotion of competition, health, security, safety, and environmental safety. There are bans put on importing used machineries in many countries and where this ban is not in effect, seriously huge tariffs are imposed on these machinery. The use of tariff concessions and exemptions is simply an industrial policy tool to safeguard a country’s interests. There is a general discrimination when it comes to domestic sales and the excise taxes in terms of discriminating or putting trade barriers to imports and in many cases this has been engineered by the need to protect what is considered local. Countries have been seen to levy import tax and tariff-inclusive prices for goods while carrying out this policy. To the effecting country, this is a benefit derived from controlled international imports, while to those involved in the import trade is quite a heavy burden considering they are in business to make profits an d grow (Gereffi, 2001, pp. 1-5). Barriers to international trade for clothes washing machines include requirements for registration and bureaucratic documentations; tariffs; the customs valuation, imposition of minimum prices for imports and the requirements of pre-shipment inspections; other levies, taxes and various charges including domestic taxes; prohibitions slapped on imports, restrictions, issues of licensing and quotas imposed on imports; some contingency measures imposed to control market panic; and the various standards and technical requirements most of which are never met by even the local producers (Francois, et al., 2000, pp.2-58). It is thought that when we have a uniform sort of tariff structure for washing machines, it is better than having considerable dispersion where large tariffs peaks and troughs are experienced in different countries. This is because the economic inefficiency or welfare costs do increase in a tariff regime with the degree of a given dispersio n. This has been attributed to the fact that we have a considerable weight loss which increases to a larger extent than does the increase in the tariff rates. Another argument posed is that washing machines having a uniform tariff structure get a very strong support coming from a political economy given that such uniform tariffs are easier to handle and of course more transparent than the non-uniform tariff rates. This could be due to the fact that the political power influence from conflicting groups is drastically reduced. This has a lot to do with the fact that uniform tariff rates require cross-industrial consensus and are less likely to get escalated as compared to the non-uniform ones (Fleisher & Bensoussan, 2010, pp.8-156). The data in tables 1 to 10 below show tariff rates and their averages across the world as investigated by WTO on MFN for clothes washing machines (WTO, 2010). Average duties, minimum average duty, maximum average duty and mean of such averages has been cal culated and tabulated as per every year for the duration of 10 years starting from 2001 to 2010. Table 1: 2001 World tariff rates tabulations for top-loading and front loading-type washing machines, of a dry linen capacity > 10 kg Count Country Binding Year Number of TL Number of AV duties Average of AV Duties Minimum AV Duty Maximum AV Duty Duty Free TL (%) Number of Non-AV Duty 1 Egypt MFN 2001 HS96 845020 1 1 40.0 40 40 0.0 0 2 India MFN 2001 HS96 845020 1 1 35.0 35 35 0.0 0 3 Pakistan MFN 2001 HS96 845020 1 1 30.0 30 30 0.0 0 4 Jordan MFN 2001 HS96 845020 1 1 30.0 30 30 0.0 0 5 Zimbabwe MFN 2001 HS96 845020 2 2 22.5 5 40 0.0 0 6 Zambia MFN 2001 HS96 8

The Power of the Mamluks and Il-Khanates Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The Power of the Mamluks and Il-Khanates - Essay Example The Il-Khanates, on the other hand, achieved power by giving their subordination to the main Kahn, Kublai, and the main empire, thus ensuring the support of a successful ally. Because they were originally not a Muslim culture, they were often attacked by the Islamic states surrounding them. Eventually, after the converted to Islam, they were able to solidify their faith and gain acceptance. Thus, both clans were able to earn power through their religion, although through different means. It's important to revisit the development of these two empires in order to see how their power bases were increased by their acceptance into Islam. First, it is important to revisit the original Mongol invasions. Something different happened after the Mongols had invaded a few Islamic empires; eventually, the Mongols were to become Muslim themselves. This was to play an important role in the development of Islam within the Il-Khanate. The invasions of Central Asia and Russia by the Chagatai Khanate and the Golden Horde did not have the negative impacts on the native Islamic faith that the Mongol invasion of Iraq and Persia both had. Even though the Mongols defeated the Islamic states, the Muslim faith did prevail, and the Mongols themselves, although the invaders, did, for the most part, convert to Islam. However, the Mongol conquering of Islam's heartland did result in some major changes for the religion. By conquering and disemboweling the current Islamic dynasties, the Mongols in stilled new ones, thus setting a new era for the religion. This new era would allow both the Il-Khans and the Mamluk to achieve power through Islam, although this power would not be implemented until a little later in history. In order to understand how this process came about, it is important to revisit the history regarding the Mongol conquering of Islam. The fighting in Asia began in the 13th century with Genghis Khan, who raided Persia and conquered several cities up until his death. By 1237, the Mongols were outside of Bagdhad, the center of the Abbasid caliphate. When the Great Kahn Mongke was elected in 1251, the decision to attack the Abbasid caliphate was formed. Mongke did not like that Islamic people worshipped a man who they seemed to view as even above the Khan. Thus, the Mongols attacked the capital, and came out victorious (Nichoole 82). Then, Mongke gave instructions to attack the caliphate only if it decided not to surrender. Of course, the caliphate did not, and they were largely unprepared to do battle with fighters as whorled-renowned as the Mongols. They had a large force, but were not as well trained as the Mongols. Another problem that emerged in the Islamic faction was the age-old battle between Sunni and Shiite, and the fact that the caliphate was a Sunni meant that many Shiites went over to the Mongol side, thinking they would regain power if they did saw. Also, many Christians joined the side of the Mongols, seeing the Mongols as possible saviors from the fate of Islam. Some of the Mongol army was, in fact, Christian, so this is perhaps one of the reasons why they were able to gather so much support. Many Mongol soldiers were careful not to destroy Christian churches and symbols, and this fact endeared the army to the

Tax Return Worksheet Essay Example for Free

Tax Return Worksheet Essay 1. Even though Gloria is single, her filing status is Head of Household. Why is Gloria able to file as head of household? Gloria is able to file head of house hold in this case because, she has a qualifying dependent. A qualifying dependent would be a closely related relative dependent that you have provided for maintaining a home for yourself and your dependent or dependents. 2. How does Gloria benefit from filing as head of household, rather than single? She benefits more from filing head of household because she will get better tax benefits like higher standard deductions and lower tax rates. 3. What is Gloria’s adjusted gross income? In which line in the tax form did you find her total income? Line-21 Adjusted gross income 22,275. 4. Even though Gloria is filing the short form (1040A), she is still able to get two credits. What are the two credits Gloria receives? List the line you found the answers on as well. 1,000 Additional child Tax credit line 41, and 728 for child care tax credit lines 29-33. 5. How much of a refund is Gloria going to receive? 2,500 6. What are the four steps listed in the filing checklist? Step 1: Sign and date the return. Step 2: Assemble the return. Step 3: Mail the return Step: Keep a copy. 7. On the Wage and Tax statement, list how much Gloria paid in her Federal Tax Withholding? 1,500 8. How much did she pay in Social Security and Medicare? 1,721 in total. 9. If she had owed money but was not able to pay it, what options would she have? She can apply for additional time to pay through an online application where she might get granted extra time to pay based on her situation. Also she can setup an installment agreement; she could do this by applying on a Web-based Online Payment Agreement application on IRS.gov. There she might be allowed as a taxpayer who owes $25,000 or less in combined tax, penalties and interest to self-qualify, apply for, and receive immediate notification of approval of this option. She can also request an installment agreement that under circumstances may allow her to create a convenient way to establish an installment agreement this takes away the need for personal interaction with IRS and reduces paper processing. She can also do this by completing and submitting a Form 9465 in writing, or call 1-800-829-1040 to make your request. Balances over $25,000, are due to complete a financial statement to determine the monthly payment amount for an installment plan. 10. If you have questions about filing your tax return, where would you go for help? Did any of Gloria’s tax conditions teach you about your own situation? IRS service center, and Gloria’s situation is different than mine but I did learn that there is a child care credit available, which I will take advantage next year when filing my taxes.

Contrast In Language :: essays research papers

Contrast Between Language of Love in the Balcony Scene and the Language of Death in the Final Scene of Romeo and JulietIn William Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet, Shakespeare introduces many themes that he continues throughout all of his tragedies, including the language of love vs. the language of death. The balcony scene is the most valuable scene illustrating the language of love, whereas in the final scene of the play the language of death is used to set the stage for their suicides, pulling together the tragic ending of the play.Throughout the second scene of Act II, Romeo uses beautiful metaphors and similes to express his affection for Juliet:O, speak again bright angel, for thou artAs glorious to this night, being o'er my headAs is a winged messenger of heaven.(Rom. II. II, 28-30.)This passage is used to compare Juliet to an angel, somethign that is universally held as sacred and lovely. Elsewhere in the scene there are lines that describe their love for one another, and add to the romantic theme of the scene:And but thou love me, let them find me here.My life better ended by their hateThe death prorogued, wantingof thy love.(Rom. II. II, 76-78.)In the final scene of the play, there is much talk of death by Romeo, Friar Laurence, and Juliet. Romeo announces his own demise in his soliloquy:Depart again. Here, here I will remainWith worms and chambermaids. O, hereWill I set my everlasting restAnd shake the yoke of inauspicious starsFrom this world-weariedflesh. Eyes, look your last!Arms, take your last embrace! And, lips,O youThe doors of breath to engrossing death!(Rom. V. III, 108-114.)The Friar's Frantic wrods and actions in conflict to his previous calm stature illustrate the grim mood of the scene: Stay not to question, for the watch is coming.Come, go good Juliet.

Evaluate a Significant Experience, Achievement, Risk You Have Taken

Soraya Palmer Connecticut College, Class of 2007 Evaluate a significant experience, achievement, risk you have taken, or ethical dilemma you have faced and its impact on you Finding Truths In my life, I have taken many journeys without which I would not have experienced important truths. My father started us off early, taking us on many journeys to help us understand that true knowledge comes only from experience.We took trips every winter break to Madrid, Mexico, Costa Rica, and to Jamaica and Trinidad, my parents’ homeland for Christmas. Silly things I remember from those trips include the mango chili sauce on the pork in Maui, the names of the women who gave out the towels by the pools in Selva Verde, Costa Rica, eating dinner at 10 p. m. in Spain. These were all tourist experiences that I, at first, found spellbinding. My truths were the truths of the tourist brochures: beautiful hotels, beaches, and cities.I did not see the blindfolds. I did not appreciate how being held hostage by the beauty of the surface—the beaches and cities—blinded me to the absence of Puerto Rican natives on the streets of San Juan; I did not understand how the prevalence and familiarity of English conspired to veil the beauty of the Spanish language beneath volumes of English translations. I learned more about these truths in my sophomore year of high school, when I was among a group of students selected to visit Cuba.My grandmother was born in Cuba, yet I had never thought to research my own heritage. I have remained the naive American who saw Castro as some distant enemy of my country, accepting this as fact because this seemed to be the accepted wisdom. I soon became intrigued, however, with this supposed plague to my freedom, my culture, and everything good and decent. I began to think, just what is communism anyway? What’s so bad about Castro and Cuba—and I hear they have good coffee.I believed that what was missing was a lack of understandin g between our two cultures, and that acceptance of our differences would come only with knowledge. My first impression of Cuba was the absence of commercialism. I saw no giant golden arch enticing hungry Cubans with beef-laced fries; I did see billboards of Che Guevara and signposts exhorting unity and love. I realized, however, that much of the uniqueness that I relished here might be gone if the trade blockades in Cuba were ever lifted. The parallels and the irony were not lost on me. Read also â€Å"Glengarry Glen Ross†Ã‚   by David MametI was stepping out of an American political cave that shrouded the beauty of Cuba and stepping into another, one built on patriotic socialism, one where truths were just as ideological as, yet very different from, mine. History, I recognized, is never objective. The journeys I have taken have been colored by my prior experiences and by what my feelings were in those moments. Everyone holds a piece of the truth. Maybe facts don’t matter. Perhaps my experience is my truth and the more truths I hear from everyone else, the closer I will get to harmonization.Maybe there is no harmony, and I must go through life challenging and being challenged, perhaps finding perspectives from which I can extract—but never call—truth. I must simply find ways to understand others, to seek in them what is common to us all and perhaps someday find unity in our common human bond. This is what life has taught me so far, my sum of truths gleaned from experiencing many cultures. I don’t know if these truths will hold, but I hope that my college experience will be like my trip to Cuba—challenging some truths, strengthening others, and helping me experience new ones.

Kentucky Fried Chicken Essay

Looking at the graph above we can see that Yum! Brands, the parent’s company of KFC are the third biggest firm in the fast food industry. By serving more than 12 million customers in 21000 stores in 109 countries every day, KFC has become the world most popular chicken fast food franchise. (1) However, over the past decade, KFC’s suppliers have been caught several time violating animal rights by PETA (People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals), the world’s largest animal rights organization. KFC claims that all their suppliers are very well monitored and often inspected by the government; however PETA undercover investigations have proved otherwise. In 2007, 2 videos secretly recorded workers extremely violated animal rights in these slaughterhouses, showing some disturbing scenes. Although you may argue that KFC does not responsibility for the cruelty in the slaughterhouses, it has violates its own code of conduct, which will be discussed later in this report. Besides, since KFC buys raw meat from these suppliers, they are partly support these slaughterhouses so it is also a part of their responsibility. The main purpose of this report is to show several violations which were caught by PETA investigation in 2007 and the possible solutions for this particular scandal. The investigation takes place in Tyson’s Georgia and Tennessee factories, one of KFC’s major suppliers. Within only 9 days of the investigation, many workers have been caught on videos abusing chickens. One of the most serious acts is workers urinating in the belts that transform birds to different areas in the slaughterhouse (2). And that is not the only thing they did. Chickens are thrown from a far distance to the conveyor belt. The workers at these slaughterhouses somehow found it an entertaining thing to do so the abuse was repeated again and again. They picked up chickens and throw them to the shackles. Chickens are also found dead after trapping their body parts under a door at the end of the belt meaning the facility quality is not good enough. One of the examples is the blade which is supposed to cut chicken’s throat, cut the chicken’s body parts instead, and many of them also miss the blade. Therefore, when being transferred to the next stage of the production, which is going to the boiling tank, they are fully conscious. Moreover, workers are told by supervisors that it is acceptable to rip off thoselive chicken’s heads which are not cut properly. The problem here is, supervisors at both these slaughterhouses were involved with the abuse and aware of it but did not do anything to stop it from happening. Moreover, most of KFC claims on their website are inaccurate and go against their code of conduct (3): â€Å"Our suppliers work with primary breeders who provide poultry specifically selected with health and well being in mind.† This statement is, however, false. The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) discovered that KFC’s suppliers use drugs to help chickens to gain as much weight as possible in a short period of time. The effect of this is these chickens will suffer from diseases and injuries such as broken legs, heart attacks and other problems because they are overgrown.(4) â€Å"Prior to slaughter, birds are stunned so they are insensible to pain. †¦ Chickens are stunned and killed before they are introduced into the defeathering tanks.†This statement is again not totally true. Although all the chickens are put in an electrified bath before being throat-slitting, the bath only makes them immobility not fully unconscious. Furthermore, as stated above, there are evidences that chickens completely miss the blade therefore they are still alive when being put in the scalding tank. According to USDA, there are nearly 3 million scalded alive chickens every year.(4) â€Å"KFC sup pliers, KFC and the National Chicken Council have standards for stocking density to ensure birds have sufficient space and are healthy. †¦ The cleanliness of these facilities and the health of the birds are top priorities for the farmers.† Unfortunately, KFC suppliers actually do not have good facility to â€Å"ensure birds have sufficient space and healthy† like they stated. They are famous for raising chickens in a small area, as small as possible so they could cut down on cost. The wastes from chickens are not even cleaned up during their life time, again just to save cost. The effect of this is causing many health problems to chickens. One of the reasons why KFC and its suppliers are so careless is because according to the federal Humane Methods of Slaughter Act, chickens are not protected. Farmed animals such as chickens, cows are also not covered by the Animal Welfare Act either.(4) Ever since the videos are published, many protests and campaigns have been taken place, causing dramatic impact on KFC’s stockholders. Activists, through the media, have made people aware of the problem and therefore most people decided to stop eating at KFC a sign of pro test. There was a time KFC’s stock went down by 10% because of the scandal and this has made these stockholders, managers become more serious with the problem and come up with some solutions. Once of the few solutions that KFC could apply to fix the problem is to ask the suppliers to punish those who are responsible for the incidents. This includes the workers who abuse the chickens, the supervisors at these 2 facilities who completely ignored the abuse. The punishment will definitely set an example for other employees and supervisors at other supplier’s facilities. Moreover, they could install more cameras in the slaughterhouses to control worker’s act. Once a month, private investigators could be hired to make sure animal abuse will not happen again. This seems to be one of the most effective solutions since workers are in tighter control, it is very unlikely that they will violate the rules. KFC, however, has to pay a little extra money each month to maintain the cameras and the cost of hiring private investigators. The reason why workers mistreat the chickens at these suppliers could be because they are not satisfied with their salary. This could be easily explained, firstly, since most of the suppliers will try to cut down cost as much as possible they are likely to reduce the wage rate to exploit workers. Since the demand for this type of job is high, it is workers who need the suppliers, not the other way round so employees will always feel like they are being exploited. Secondly, those farm suppliers are famous for their terrible working conditions, there is always a problem with hygiene and environment in the slaughterhouses. All the factors combined will cause workers to be easily frustrated and pass the angry to the chickens. Therefore, the solution is KFC to force suppliers to improve wage rate and the working conditions. Once these have taken place, the rate of mistreating animals will definitely be reduced. Although, this solution seems to work in theory, it is unlikely to work in practice since it has too many disadvantages. They must spend a lot more each month to increase the salary for all workers in these suppliers. This might also set a bad habit for workers, treating chickens badly as a sign of protest to demand higher wages. In response to all the claims by PETA, KFC states on their website that PETA is actually a â€Å"radical extremist group† and their main purpose is to â€Å"promote a vegetarian health style† (3). Because of this, PETA is unbiased and their claims are not totally correct and could be misleading. In addition to this, KFC has also ensured consumers that their chickens are bought from the same suppliers that provide raw meat to supermarkets and restaurants. Although in the real world they have no responsibility over the animal cruelty and abuse in those slaughterhouses, they did require suppliers to obey the law as well as animal welfare. In conclusion, we can see from the report that both KFC and PETA have different point of views, and they are both reasonable in their ways. However, the situation could have been much better if KFC took care of the scandal thoroughly as soon as possible so that the same mistake will not happen again in the future.